A five year study on differential diagnosis of verruciform penile lesions

Background: Verruccous lesions of the penis are difficult to classify. Materials and methods: The present study included 60 verruccous lesions of the penis in a period of 5 years, at Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal. Ours was a prospective study of 5 years duration. Results: In our study the age group ranges from 30 years to 80 years. Majority of the lesions were observed between 60-69 years age group. Warty lesions constituted 40 (66.7%), Cauliflower like growths constituted 14 (23.3%), and diffusely infiltrating constituted 6 (10%). Histopathological examination findings showed out of 60, 24 biopsies diagnosed as condyloma accuminata, 9 as simple verruccous hyperplasia, and remaining 27 are diagnosed as carcinomas out of which verruccous carcinoma were 12 followed by condylomatous carcinoma and papillary carcinomas each 6, squamous cell carcinomas were 3 in number. Conclusion: Each and every grossly visible verruccous lesions of the penis should be adequately biopsied for the early diagnosis of carcinoma.

An autopsy study on various dissection techniques of the heart

Background: Autopsy serves as a gold standard for the clinical diagnosis of cardiac arrest, which is important for quality assurance. Materials and methods: 44 medico legal cases of suspicious/ sudden deaths were examined by using various dissection techniques of the heart to identify the cause of death in a 2 year period. The main objective was to know the cause of death by correlating with the past history by the previous reports of the patients, the clinical diagnosis, photographic records, gross study of the heart and Histopathological examination and confirmation. The various methods used are inflow-outflow method; short axis method; window method; Valve plane method; Four chamber cut methods, etc. Different methods are used for different conditions of the heart, e.g., cardiomyopathy, valvular diseases, ischemic heart diseases etc. Results: In the present study males outnumbered the females constituting 26 and 18 respectively. At autopsy majority of the cardiac deaths were confirmed as ischemic heart disease by the short axis dissection method. One case of myocarditis identified with Inflow-Outflow method, one case of restrictive cardiomyopathy dissected with four chambered cut method. 1 case of replaced prosthetic valve dissected with valve-plane method. In three cases cause of death is not identified. Conclusion: Cardiac autopsy is backbone in diseases like Ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy etc. Its role in medico-legal case importance cannot be excluded.

A Study on Expression of P53 in Surface Epithelial Ovarian Tumours

Aims and Objectives (1) To perform and interpret p53 immunostaining on the diagnosed malignant surface epithelial ovarian tumours. (2) To correlate expression of p53 with histological type of malignancy. Materials and Methods A 2-year prospective study was done i.e., from October 2011 to September 2013 on ‘A study on expression of p53 in surface epithelial ovarian tumours’ in MGM Hospital, Warangal. All the ovarian surface epithelial tumour specimens, received in the pathology department during this period were considered. Results A total of 121 cases were studied, out of which benign tumours were the most common (64.4%), followed by malignancy (25.6%) and 12 cases(10%) of borderline malignancy. Most of the benign tumours were unilateral; the cases that showed bilateral involvement were mostly malignant. The maximum number of cases in the present study was seen in the age group of 31–60 year. The youngest patient was 16 year old and the oldest was 68 year old. Serous cyst adenoma was the most common neoplasm found and accounted for 53 cases (43.8%), followed by mucinous cystadenoma, which accounted for 21 cases (17.3%). Nine cases of serous cystadenofibroma (7.43%), 3 borderline serous tumours (2.47%) and 11 serous cystadenocarcinoma (9%) were found in the present study. Out of the 44 mucinous tumours, 21 were benign (17.3%), 3 were of borderline malignancy (2.47%) and 20 were malignant (16.5%). One case of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was found to be associated with adenocarcinoma of ascending colon. One case of benign Brenner tumour was also found in the present study. The rate of p53 abnormalities varies with histological type, grade and stage of the tumour. P53 expression was more in malignant serous tumours as compared to the malignant mucinous tumours.

Evaluation of Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology for Diagnosing Lung Lesions – A 3-Year Study

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) especially ultrasound guided has a very important role in diagnosing pulmonary lesions. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of image-guided percutaneous fine needle aspiration cytology in various lung lesions. This is a three-year retrospective study from August 2010 to July 2013. A total of 322 cases were included in the study. The clinical, radiological and cytological data of all 322 cases who underwent ultrasound guided FNAC were studied. Of the 322 cases in our study, malignancy was the predominant lesion found in 192 cases (59.62%) followed by inflammatory pathology 23 cases (7.1%). Among the malignant lesions, adenocarcinoma was the most common malignancy (26.56%) in females and males followed by squamous cell carcinoma (23.95%). Over the three-year period of the study, 92 cases were grouped under non-specific lesions/inadequate for interpretation. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided FNAC is a relatively safe and accurate procedure in the diagnosis of lung lesion especially peripheral lung lesions.